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Views: 3 Author: Site Editor Publish Time: 2024-04-06 Origin: Site
The application and laboratory research purposes of potassium permanganate in the agricultural field
Water treatment: Potassium permanganate is used in the water treatment industry to remove organic pollutants and reduce the biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) in water, improve water quality, and meet safety standards.
Medical disinfection: In the medical field, potassium permanganate is used to clean wounds, ulcers or abscesses, as well as to treat eczema and acute skin diseases as wet dressings or mixed with a certain concentration solution.
Industrial applications: Potassium permanganate is used as an oxidizing agent in rubber vulcanization, dye production, metal processing, electroplating, and other fields in industry.
Agriculture: In agriculture, potassium permanganate can serve as a plant growth regulator, promoting crop growth, and also used to control certain plant diseases.
Laboratory analysis: In the laboratory, potassium permanganate is used for quantitative analysis, such as determining the organic matter content in water quality, and participating in various chemical reactions as an oxidant.
The chemical formula of potassium permanganate is KMnO43. It is an inorganic compound 23 with a deep purple crystal appearance. In terms of physical properties, potassium permanganate has a molecular weight of 158.033949 and a density of approximately 1.01g/mL (at 25 ° C, its melting point is 240 ° C32). It has good water solubility, with a water solubility of 6.4 g/100 mL32 at 20 ° C.
The most significant characteristic of potassium permanganate is its strong oxidizing ability. As a strong oxidant, potassium permanganate has the strongest oxidation ability in acidic solutions. It can oxidize many substances, including organic and certain inorganic substances such as divalent manganese and divalent iron. In water treatment, potassium permanganate can be used to remove manganese and iron, converting these metal ions into insoluble forms through oxidation reactions, thereby achieving removal. In addition, potassium permanganate can also be used for deodorization and removal of organic matter in water, and can degrade organic matter that produces a foul odor through oxidation.
The strong oxidizing property of potassium permanganate makes it commonly used as an oxidant in the laboratory and industry. In acidic media, it slowly decomposes into manganese dioxide, potassium salts, and oxygen, and light has a catalytic effect on this decomposition, so it is usually stored in brown bottles to prevent decomposition caused by light. In alkaline solutions, its oxidizing ability is not as strong as in acidic solutions. When used as an oxidant, its reduction products vary depending on the acidity and alkalinity of the medium. However, when encountering organic matter, it releases primary oxygen and manganese dioxide, without the release of free oxygen molecules, thus avoiding the formation of bubbles. Primitive oxygen has bactericidal, deodorizing, and detoxifying effects, while potassium permanganate has a stronger and more long-lasting antibacterial and deodorizing effect than hydrogen peroxide solution.
In agricultural production, potassium permanganate is commonly used for soil disinfection. Before sowing, the seedbed soil can be disinfected by spraying potassium permanganate solution, effectively killing pathogens and pests in the soil. For example, spraying soil with potassium permanganate solution 400 to 600 times and covering it with plastic film to seal and expose it to sunlight for about a week can reduce the occurrence of diseases such as stem blight, stem blight, sudden fall, and root rot.
Potassium permanganate has strong oxidizing properties and can effectively prevent and control various crop diseases. Spraying potassium permanganate solution at a ratio of 800 to 1000 times during the seedling stage after planting flowers, once every 7 to 10 days, continuously for 3 to 4 times, can prevent and control sudden wilt diseases of flowers such as petunia, red string, and marigold, with better effects than conventional pesticides. In addition, potassium permanganate solution can also be used for seed disinfection to prevent soft rot, downy mildew, and root and stem diseases.
Although potassium permanganate is mainly used as a disinfectant and fungicide in agriculture, there is limited information on its application in promoting crop growth. However, due to its ability to improve soil environment, potassium permanganate may indirectly contribute to the healthy growth of crops. For example, by eliminating pathogens and pests in the soil, potassium permanganate can help reduce stress and damage during crop growth, potentially promoting crop growth and development.
When using potassium permanganate, it is important to pay attention to its strong oxidizing properties and avoid contact with organic matter to prevent reduction reactions and loss of bactericidal efficacy. At the same time, it is necessary to avoid using stagnant water, sewage, or hot water to prepare potassium permanganate solutions and ensure that they are used as needed. In addition, potassium permanganate should not be mixed with strong alkaline pesticides to prevent neutralization of its bactericidal effect.
Potassium permanganate is a commonly used oxidant used in organic synthesis to oxidize various compounds, such as alcohols, aldehydes, ketones, and phenols. It can oxidize these compounds to higher oxidation states, such as oxidizing alcohols to aldehydes or ketones, or oxidizing phenols to quinone compounds. In addition, potassium permanganate can also be used to oxidize organic sulfides and other sulfur-containing compounds.
In analytical chemistry, potassium permanganate is commonly used to determine the chemical oxygen demand (COD) in water samples. COD is an indicator that measures the content of reducing substances in water, reflecting the degree of pollution in the water. The potassium permanganate method is a commonly used COD determination method, which indirectly reflects the content of organic matter in water samples by measuring the amount of potassium permanganate consumed. In addition, potassium permanganate is also used for titration analysis, such as using sodium oxalate as a reference substance to calibrate the concentration of potassium permanganate solution.
Although potassium permanganate is not as widely used in biomedical research as in chemical synthesis and analytical chemistry, it still plays a role in certain specific research fields. For example, potassium permanganate can be used to study the oxidative stress response of proteins, studying changes in their structure and function by oxidizing specific amino acid residues in proteins. In addition, potassium permanganate may also be used for certain specific biochemical analyses, such as measuring the activity of certain enzymes or studying the mechanism of enzymatic reactions.
Personal protection: When using potassium permanganate, appropriate protective equipment should be worn, such as anti-seepage gloves, protective glasses, and long sleeved clothing, to prevent skin and eye contact with potassium permanganate or its solution.
Avoid high temperatures: Potassium permanganate should be stored in a cool place to avoid high temperatures, as potassium permanganate may decompose to produce oxygen at high temperatures, increasing the risk of fire and explosion.
Avoid contact with reducing agents: Potassium permanganate may react violently with strong reducing agents (such as glycerol and iodide), so it should be kept away from these substances during use and storage.
Solution preparation: Potassium permanganate solution should be prepared with cold water, as hot water may accelerate its decomposition. The prepared solution can usually only be stored for about two hours. If the solution changes color, it should be discarded as it has lost its disinfection effect.
Misadministration handling: If potassium permanganate is taken by mistake, it may cause serious health problems such as throat edema, cardiovascular collapse, etc. It is necessary to seek medical attention immediately and take targeted treatment measures.
Waste treatment: The used potassium permanganate waste should be treated in accordance with local environmental protection regulations to avoid direct discharge into the environment and reduce pollution to water and soil.
Monitoring method: In environmental monitoring, potassium permanganate is commonly used to determine the chemical oxygen demand (COD) in water quality. In order to obtain accurate monitoring data, standard methods should be strictly followed for operation, and the methods should be regularly revised and improved to improve accuracy and reliability.
Environmental standards: When formulating environmental protection standards, the potential impact of the use and discharge of potassium permanganate on the environment should be considered, and corresponding emission standards and control measures should be formulated to protect the environment and human health.
Personal protection: When using potassium permanganate, appropriate protective equipment should be worn, such as anti-seepage gloves, protective glasses, and long sleeved clothing, to prevent skin and eye contact with potassium permanganate or its solution.
Avoid high temperatures: Potassium permanganate should be stored in a cool place to avoid high temperatures, as potassium permanganate may decompose to produce oxygen at high temperatures, increasing the risk of fire and explosion.
Avoid contact with reducing agents: Potassium permanganate may react violently with strong reducing agents (such as glycerol and iodide), so it should be kept away from these substances during use and storage.
Solution preparation: Potassium permanganate solution should be prepared with cold water, as hot water may accelerate its decomposition. The prepared solution can usually only be stored for about two hours. If the solution changes color, it should be discarded as it has lost its disinfection effect.
Misadministration handling: If potassium permanganate is taken by mistake, it may cause serious health problems such as throat edema, cardiovascular collapse, etc. It is necessary to seek medical attention immediately and take targeted treatment measures.
Waste treatment: The used potassium permanganate waste should be treated in accordance with local environmental protection regulations to avoid direct discharge into the environment and reduce pollution to water and soil.
Monitoring method: In environmental monitoring, potassium permanganate is commonly used to determine the chemical oxygen demand (COD) in water quality. In order to obtain accurate monitoring data, standard methods should be strictly followed for operation, and the methods should be regularly revised and improved to improve accuracy and reliability.
Environmental standards: When formulating environmental protection standards, the potential impact of the use and discharge of potassium permanganate on the environment should be considered, and corresponding emission standards and control measures should be formulated to protect the environment and human health.
Soil disinfection: Potassium permanganate can be used for soil disinfection, killing pathogens and pests, reducing the occurrence of crop diseases, and improving agricultural production efficiency.
Plant disease prevention and control: As a strong oxidant, potassium permanganate can effectively prevent and control various plant diseases, such as wilt disease, root rot disease, etc., ensuring the healthy growth of crops.
Promoting crop growth: Although potassium permanganate is mainly used as a disinfectant and fungicide in agriculture, its role in improving soil environment may indirectly promote crop growth and increase yield.
Oxidants: In organic synthesis, potassium permanganate is commonly used as an oxidant and can oxidize various compounds, such as alcohols, aldehydes, ketones, etc. It is an important chemical reagent in the laboratory.
Analytical Chemistry: Potassium permanganate is used in analytical chemistry to determine the chemical oxygen demand (COD) of water quality, and is an important indicator for environmental monitoring and water quality assessment.
Biomedical research: Although potassium permanganate has limited applications in biomedical research, it plays a role in certain specific research fields, such as protein oxidative stress research.
