Ra'ayoyi: 10 Mawallafi: Lokacin Buga Editan Yanar Gizo: 2024-04-11 Asalin: Shafin
Tsabtace muhalli
A fannin tsabtace muhalli, potassium permanganate, a matsayin mai ƙarfi mai ƙarfi, zai iya kawar da gurɓataccen gurɓataccen ruwa a cikin ruwa yadda ya kamata kuma ya rage buƙatar iskar oxygen ta biochemical (BOD) a cikin ruwa. Yana iya oxidize abubuwa masu guba a cikin ruwa, irin su hydrogen sulfide da mahaɗan phenolic, don tsarkake ingancin ruwa da saduwa da ƙa'idodin aminci. Bugu da kari, ana kuma amfani da sinadarin potassium permanganate wajen kula da ruwan datti na masana'antu, yana taimakawa wajen kawar da gurbacewar da ke da wuyar rage gurbatar yanayi da rage nauyi a kan muhalli.
Disinfection da haifuwa
Dangane da maganin kashe kwayoyin cuta da haifuwa, ana kuma amfani da potassium permanganate sosai. Yana iya kashe kwayoyin cuta daban-daban kamar kwayoyin cuta, ƙwayoyin cuta, fungi, da algae, don haka yana taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen lalata wuraren kiwon lafiya, tsaftar gida, kula da tsafta a wuraren jama'a, da masana'antar sarrafa abinci. Sakamakon disinfection na potassium permanganate ba'a iyakance ga jikin ruwa ba, amma kuma ana iya amfani dashi don disinfection na fata da raunuka, da kuma maganin haifuwa na kayan aiki da saman.
Ƙarfin tsaftace muhalli da tsabtace muhalli da iyawar haifuwa na potassium permanganate sun sa ya zama sinadari mai mahimmanci a waɗannan fagage. Ba wai kawai yana taimakawa wajen tabbatar da lafiyar lafiyar jama'a ba, har ma yana da tasiri mai kyau a kan kiyaye daidaiton muhalli da inganta ci gaba mai dorewa. Tare da karuwar kulawar duniya game da kare muhalli da rigakafin cututtuka, potassium permanganate zai ci gaba da taka muhimmiyar rawa a aikin tsaftace muhalli na gaba, lalata, da kuma aikin haifuwa.
Tsarin sinadaran potassium permanganate shine KMnO43. Baƙar fata shunayya siriri siriri prismatic ko barbashi tare da kaddarorin masu narkewar ruwa. Dangane da kaddarorin jiki, potassium permanganate yana da nauyin kwayoyin halitta 158.034, wurin narkewa na 240 ° C, da yawa kusan 2.7g/cm31. Solubility na ruwa na potassium permanganate a 20 ° C shine 6.4g/100mL1.
Mafi mahimmancin halayen potassium permanganate shine ƙarfin oxidizing mai ƙarfi. Potassium permanganate ana yawan amfani dashi azaman oxidant a dakunan gwaje-gwaje da masana'antu. A cikin kafofin watsa labaru na acidic, sannu a hankali yana raguwa zuwa manganese dioxide, potassium salts, da oxygen, kuma haske yana da tasiri mai tasiri akan wannan bazuwar. Ƙarfin oxidizing Properties na potassium permanganate ya sa ya taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen tsaftace muhalli, lalata, da kuma haifuwa. Alal misali, ana iya amfani da shi don gyaran ƙasa a cikin-wuri, cire gurɓata kamar trichlorethylene, tetrachlorethylene, da dichlorethylene (DCE) daga ƙasa. Bugu da ƙari, potassium permanganate yana da ƙarfin oxidation mai ƙarfi zuwa ga gurɓataccen yanayi a cikin kewayon pH na maganin ruwa na kowa. Samfurinsa na raguwa ba shi da narkewa kuma yana da alaƙa da muhalli manganese dioxide (MnO2), wanda ke da sauƙin rabuwa da mafita. Hakanan za'a iya cire shi ta atomatik daga gurɓatawa ta hanyar adsorption, oxidation, taimakon coagulation, da sauran hanyoyin.
Ƙarfin oxidizing dukiya na potassium permanganate kuma ya sa shi yadu amfani da matsayin disinfectant da bactericide a cikin likita filin. Yana iya kashe kwayoyin cuta daban-daban kamar kwayoyin cuta, ƙwayoyin cuta, fungi, da algae, don haka yana taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen lalata wuraren kiwon lafiya, tsaftar gida, kula da tsafta a wuraren jama'a, da masana'antar sarrafa abinci. Bugu da ƙari, ana iya amfani da potassium permanganate don tsaftace raunuka, ulcers, ko kuraje, da kuma a matsayin rigar rigar rigar ko kuma an tsara shi a cikin wani maganin maida hankali don magance eczema da cututtuka masu tsanani.
A fagen kula da ruwa, potassium permanganate, a matsayin mai ƙarfi mai ƙarfi, na iya kawar da gurɓataccen yanayi a cikin ruwa yadda ya kamata kuma ya rage buƙatun iskar oxygen na biochemical (BOD) a cikin ruwa. Yana iya oxidize abubuwa masu guba a cikin ruwa, irin su hydrogen sulfide da mahaɗan phenolic, don tsarkake ingancin ruwa da saduwa da ƙa'idodin aminci. Bugu da kari, ana kuma amfani da sinadarin potassium permanganate wajen kula da ruwan datti na masana'antu, yana taimakawa wajen kawar da gurbacewar da ke da wuyar rage gurbatar yanayi da rage nauyi a kan muhalli. A cikin aiwatar da maganin ruwa, raguwar samfurin potassium permanganate, manganese dioxide (MnO2), na iya haifar da hazo kuma an cire shi daga ruwa ta hanyoyin jiki kamar tacewa, ƙara tsarkake ruwa.
Potassium permanganate ba a amfani da shi sosai wajen tsarkake iska kamar yadda ake amfani da shi a cikin ruwa, amma har yanzu ana iya amfani da shi don cire gurɓataccen iska a wasu takamaiman yanayi. Misali, lokacin da ake mu'amala da iskar iskar gas mai dauke da mahalli masu canzawa (VOCs), potassium permanganate na iya yin aiki a matsayin oxidant don shiga cikin ci gaba da tafiyar da iskar oxygen, yana mai da wadannan iskar gas mai cutarwa zuwa abubuwa marasa lahani ko maras guba. Bugu da ƙari, ana iya amfani da potassium permanganate don kashe ƙwayoyin cuta da kuma haifuwa, yana taimakawa wajen rage gurɓataccen ƙwayar cuta a cikin iska, musamman a wuraren kiwon lafiya da wuraren taruwar jama'a.
A fannin likitanci, ana amfani da potassium permanganate sosai a matsayin maganin kashe kwayoyin cuta saboda kaddarorinsa na oxidizing. Ana amfani da shi musamman don tsaftace raunuka, ulcers, ko ƙurji, da kuma don rigar sutura ko shirya hanyoyin magance wasu nau'i don magance eczema da cututtukan fata masu tsanani3. Hakanan za'a iya amfani da potassium permanganate don maganin lavage na ciki da maganin gaggawa na cizon maciji lokacin da gubar morphine na baka, brucine, ko kwayoyin guba. A cikin maganin kashe kwayoyin cuta, nau'ikan potassium permanganate daban-daban suna da tasiri daban-daban. Misali, ana iya amfani da maganin 0.1% -0.5% don wanke raunukan da suka kamu da cutar, yayin da za a iya amfani da maganin 0.01% -0.02% don maganin cututtukan ido.
Potassium permanganate shima maganin kashe kwayoyin cuta ne mai inganci a gidaje da wuraren jama'a. Misali, a cikin tsabtace wuraren jama'a na yau da kullun, ana iya amfani da potassium permanganate don lalata saman abubuwan muhalli, kamar ƙasa, bangon gefe, da wuraren da ake yawan amfani da su ko taɓo. Ana iya amfani da maganin kashe kwayoyin cutar chlorine (bromine) tare da ingantaccen chlorine (bromine) abun ciki na 500mg/L-1000mg/L don shafa ko fesa maganin kashe kwayoyin cuta. Bugu da ƙari, ana iya amfani da potassium permanganate don kawar da iska. A karkashin yanayin rufaffiyar kofofi da tagogi, babu kowa da iska, ana aiwatar da disinfection na aerosol tare da chlorine (bromine) maganin disinfectant tare da ingantaccen chlorine (bromine) abun ciki na 1000mg/L-2000mg/L.
Lokacin amfani da potassium permanganate don disinfection, ya kamata a biya hankali ga maida hankali da tsawon lokacin aiki don guje wa lalacewar fata da mucous membranes. Maganin ruwa na potassium permanganate yana da saurin lalacewa kuma yana buƙatar shirya da amfani da shi akan wurin
A cikin maganin sharar gida na masana'antu, potassium permanganate na iya kawar da gurɓataccen yanayi yadda ya kamata. Misali, a lokacin da ake kula da ruwan datti mai dauke da sinadarai masu wahalar rayuwa, potassium permanganate na iya yin aiki a matsayin oxidant, yana rushe tsarin kwayoyin halitta ta hanyar iskar oxygen dinsa, yana mai da shi saukin rubewa ta hanyar hanyoyin jiyya na halittu masu zuwa. Bugu da kari, raguwar samfurin potassium permanganate, manganese dioxide (MnO2), ba shi da narkewa kuma ana iya raba shi da ruwa ta hanyar hanyoyin jiki, ta yadda za a rage yawan gurɓataccen ruwa a cikin ruwan datti.
Kamuwa da cuta yana ɗaya daga cikin mahimman matakan da za a yanke hanyar kamuwa da cuta a cikin rigakafin annoba. Potassium permanganate za a iya amfani da shi don tsabtace yau da kullun a wuraren jama'a, kamar lalata ƙasa, bangon gefe, da saman abubuwan da ake yawan amfani da su ko taɓawa. Misali, yayin barkewar cutar coronavirus, an yi amfani da maganin potassium permanganate don lalata saman abubuwan muhalli. Chlorine (bromine) maganin kashe kwayoyin cuta tare da ingantaccen chlorine (bromine) abun ciki na 500mg/L-1000mg/L an yi amfani da shi don gogewa ko fesa don lalata. Koyaya, ya kamata a lura cewa potassium permanganate ba zai iya kashe sabon coronavirus ba. Saboda haka, 75% barasa, chlorine dauke da maganin kashe kwayoyin cuta da sauran magunguna masu inganci ana ba da shawarar don rigakafin kamuwa da cuta.
Lokacin amfani da potassium permanganate don disinfection, ya kamata a biya hankali ga maida hankali da tsawon lokacin aiki don guje wa lalacewar fata da mucous membranes. Maganin ruwa na potassium permanganate yana da saurin lalacewa kuma yana buƙatar shirya da amfani da shi nan da nan. Lokacin amfani da shi a gida, ya kamata a tsara tsarin da ake buƙata sosai bisa ga umarnin, kuma ya kamata a biya hankali kada a wuce abin da aka ba da shawarar don hana ƙonewar fata. Lokacin amfani da shi a wuraren jama'a, ƙwararrun ma'aikata yakamata su bi ƙa'idodin aiki masu dacewa don tabbatar da ingancin ƙwayar cuta da amincin ma'aikata.
Kariya ta sirri: Masu aiki su sa kayan kariya masu dacewa, gami da rigar kariya, takalman kariya, safofin hannu na hana gani, da tabarau, don hana potassium permanganate shiga cikin fata da idanu.
Guji shakar numfashi: Ya kamata a tabbatar da samun iskar iska mai kyau yayin aiki don rage haɗarin shakar ƙurar potassium permanganate ko iska.
Matakan agaji na farko: Idan aka yi hulɗa da haɗari, yakamata a ɗauki matakan agajin gaggawa daidai gwargwado. Misali, bayan saduwa da fata, kurkura da ruwa mai yawa na akalla mintuna 15; Bayan saduwa da ido, kurkura nan da nan tare da ruwa mai gudana ko salin ilimin lissafi na akalla minti 15; Lokacin shakar, yakamata a matsar da majiyyaci da sauri zuwa iska mai kyau kuma a ba shi numfashin wucin gadi.
Yanayin ajiya: Potassium permanganate ya kamata a adana shi a cikin sanyi, bushe, wuri mai kyau, nesa da wuta da tushen zafi, tare da zafin jiki na ajiya wanda bai wuce 32 ℃ ba kuma dangi zafi bai wuce 80%.
Bukatun buƙatun: Akwatin potassium permanganate yakamata a rufe shi don hana danshi shiga, haifar da shi ya sha danshi kuma ya lalace.
Guji hadawa: Lokacin adanawa da sarrafa potassium permanganate, guje wa haɗawa tare da rage ragewa, foda mai aiki, abubuwa masu ƙonewa ko ƙonewa, da sauransu don hana tashin hankali.
Maganin sharar gida: Ya kamata a mika ragowar maganin potassium permanganate da ba a sake yin amfani da su ba ga ƙwararrun kamfanin kula da magani ko kuma a ƙone su a cikin injin incinetar da ke ɗauke da kayan gogewa da gogewa.
Amsar gaggawar zubewa: Idan ruwan ya kwarara, ya kamata a ware wurin da aka gurbata nan da nan, a takaita shigowa da fita ma'aikata, sannan a dauki matakan kariya da suka dace. Ana iya tattara ƙananan ɗigogi ta hanyar haɗa yashi, busassun lemun tsami, ko soda ash, yayin da ya kamata a tattara manyan ɗigogi a sake yin fa'ida ko jigilar su zuwa wuraren zubar da shara don zubar.
Darajar potassium permanganate a cikin tsabtace muhalli da lalata yana nunawa a cikin versatility da tasiri a matsayin mai karfi mai oxidant. Dangane da tsabtace muhalli, potassium permanganate na iya kawar da gurɓataccen gurɓataccen ruwa a cikin ruwa yadda ya kamata kuma ya rage buƙatar iskar oxygen ta biochemical (BOD) a cikin ruwa. A lokaci guda, rage samfurin manganese dioxide (MnO2) yana da sauƙi don rabu da maganin, wanda ke taimakawa wajen kara tsarkake ruwa. Dangane da maganin kashe kwayoyin cuta da haifuwa, potassium permanganate na iya kashe kwayoyin cuta daban-daban kamar kwayoyin cuta, ƙwayoyin cuta, fungi, da algae. Ya dace da lalata wuraren kiwon lafiya, tsabtace gida, kula da tsafta a wuraren jama'a, da masana'antar sarrafa abinci.
Ana sa ran ci gaba a nan gaba, tare da kara wayar da kan jama'a game da kare muhalli da ci gaban fasaha, aikace-aikacen potassium permanganate a fannonin tsabtace muhalli da tsabtace muhalli da kuma hana haifuwa na iya ƙara fadada. Ƙirƙirar fasaha za ta haifar da inganta ingantaccen aiki da aminci a cikin amfani da potassium permanganate, kamar haɓaka sababbin dabaru ko matakai don rage tasirinsa akan yanayi ko inganta ayyukansa a cikin takamaiman aikace-aikace. A halin yanzu, ƙarfafa ƙa'idodin muhalli na iya haɓaka ƙaƙƙarfan ƙa'ida game da tasirin muhalli yayin amfani da potassium permanganate, haɓaka haɓaka ƙarin hanyoyin da ke da alaƙa da muhalli ko haɓaka hanyoyin da ake da su. Bugu da kari, tare da karuwar bukatar kayayyakin kashe kwayoyin cuta, amfani da sinadarin potassium permanganate a cikin lafiyar jama'a da rigakafin cututtuka zai ci gaba da samun kulawa, musamman a yayin da ake fuskantar kalubalen kiwon lafiyar jama'a a duniya kamar sabon coronavirus. Ta hanyar ci gaba da sabbin fasahohin fasaha da bin ka'idoji, aikace-aikacen potassium permanganate zai kasance mafi inganci, aminci, da abokantaka na muhalli, yana ba da gudummawa mai girma ga kare muhalli da lafiyar ɗan adam.
