Yadda ake ƙididdige adadin Potassium Permanganate don Ƙarfe, Manganese da Cire Hydrogen Sulfide

Potassium permanganate (KMnO₄) ana amfani dashi a cikin maganin ruwa don oxidize ƙarfe ƙarfe (Fe⊃2;⁺), manganese narkar da (Mn⊃2;⁺), da hydrogen sulfide (H₂S) kafin tacewa.

Amma daya daga cikin muhimman tambayoyi ga masu aikin gyaran ruwa da masu siyan sinadarai shine:

Nawa potassium permanganate ? Ya kamata a ƙara

Amsar ta dogara da gurɓataccen gurɓataccen abu, sinadarai mai ɗanɗano, pH, kwayoyin halitta, lokacin lamba, da tsarin tacewa. Hanya mai amfani ita ce:

Binciken Ruwa → Yi lissafin Buƙatun Farko → Gwajin Jar → Duba Rago → Tacewa

Jagoran EPA na Amurka yana gano permanganate azaman zaɓi na magani don baƙin ƙarfe da iskar oxygen da manganese kuma ya lura cewa ainihin allurai sun dogara da ƙarfi akan ingancin ruwa da batun aikace-aikacen.

Potassium permanganate Sashi: Magana mai sauri

Don lissafin farko, ma'auni masu zuwa suna da amfani:

EPA fasaha wallafe-wallafen yana ba da ka'idar buƙatun na game da 0.94 mg/L KMnO₄ da 1 MG/L baƙin ƙarfe da 1.92 mg/L KMnO₄ 1 MG/L manganese.

Don sarrafa sulfide ruwan sharar gida, jagorar EPA tana ba da rahoton ma'aunin nauyi na KMnO₄-to-H₂ na kusan 6:1 zuwa 7:1 a matsayin kewayon aiki na gabaɗaya.

Ya kamata a kula da waɗannan dabi'u azaman wuraren farawa maimakon allurai na ƙarshe na aiki.

1. Yadda ake ƙididdige adadin KMnO₄ don Cire Ƙarfe

Narkar da baƙin ƙarfe na ƙarfe na iya zama oxidized zuwa mahaɗan ferric da ba za a iya narkewa ba waɗanda aka cire daga baya ta hanyar lalata ko tacewa.

Alakar ka'idar ta kusan:

1 mg/L Fe⊃2; ⁺ × 0.94 = 0.94 mg/L KMnO₄

Misali

Idan danyen ruwa ya ƙunshi:

Iron = 2.0 mg/L

Sannan:

2.0 × 0.94 = 1.88 mg/L KMnO₄

Don haka farkon ka'idar potassium permanganate buƙatun kusan:

1.88 mg/l

Duk da haka, kwayoyin halitta na halitta da sauran abubuwa masu ragewa na iya cinye permanganate, don haka ainihin adadin shuka ya kamata a tabbatar da shi ta hanyar gwaji.

2. Yadda ake ƙididdige adadin KMnO₄ don Cire Manganese

Manganese yawanci yana buƙatar ƙarin potassium permanganate fiye da baƙin ƙarfe.

Alakar ka'idar ta kusan:

1 mg/L Mn⊃2;⁺ × 1.92 = 1.92 mg/L KMnO₄

Misali

Idan manganese maida hankali ne:

0.5 MG/L Mn⊃2;

Sannan:

0.5 × 1.92 = 0.96 mg/L KMnO₄

Bukatar farko da aka lissafta ita ce:

0.96 mg/L KMnO₄

Oxidized manganese siffofi particulate manganese oxides da dole ne a cire da dace tace tsari.

3. Nawa Ake Bukatar Potassium Permanganate Don Cire H₂?

Hydrogen sulfide yana haifar da sifa 'ruɓaɓɓen kwai' warin da ake samu a cikin wasu tsarin ruwa na ƙasa da na ruwa.

Potassium permanganate na iya oxidize sulfide kuma ana amfani dashi don sarrafa wari da sulfide. Carus kuma yana gano samfuran permanganate don hydrogen sulfide da sulfur-compound magani a aikace-aikacen birni.

Don sarrafa sulfide na ruwa mai sharar gida, ƙimar fara aiki mai amfani shine:

H₂S maida hankali × 6-7 = kimanin KMnO₄ sashi

Misali

Idan H₂ maida hankali shine:

0.5 mg/l

Ƙimar buƙatar KMnO₄:

0.5 × 6 = 3.0 mg/L

ku

0.5 × 7 = 3.5 mg/L

Don haka kewayon kima na farko zai kasance kamar:

3.0-3.5 mg/L KMnO₄

Saboda sulfide chemistry yana canzawa tare da pH da yanayin jiyya, gwajin benci yana da mahimmanci musamman kafin kafa ƙimar ciyarwar ƙarshe.

4. Yadda Ake Kididdige KMnO₄ Lokacin da Abubuwa Da yawa Sun Kasance

Ruwan ƙasa na gaske yana iya ƙunsar ƙarfe, manganese, da hydrogen sulfide a lokaci guda.

Ƙimar farawa mai fa'ida ita ce:

Ƙimar KMnO₄ Buƙatar = Buƙatar ƙarfe + Buƙatar Manganese + Buƙatar H₂

Misali, a ce binciken ruwa ya nuna:

• Iron: 1.5 mg/l

• Manganese: 0.20 mg/l

• H₂S: 0.10 mg/L

Bukatar ƙarfe

1.5 × 0.94 = 1.41 mg/L

Manganese Buƙatun

0.20 × 1.92 = 0.384 mg/L

H₂S Bukatar

0.10 × 6-7 = 0.60-0.70 mg/L

Farkon Ƙimar KMnO₄ Buƙatar

1.41 + 0.384 + 0.60-0.70

= kusan 2.39-2.49 mg/L KMnO₄

Wannan yana ba wa afareta kewayon gwaji na farko , ba madaidaicin kashi na ƙarshe na atomatik ba.

5. Me ya sa Ka'idar Dosage ba shine Ƙarshen Ƙarshe ba

Danyen ruwa ya ƙunshi fiye da Fe⊃2;⁺, Mn⊃2;⁺, da H₂S.

Potassium permanganate kuma na iya amsawa tare da:

• Halitta kwayoyin halitta

• Sauran ƙananan karafa

• Sulfides

• Kwayoyin cuta

• Rage mahadi a cikin ruwan sharar gida na masana'antu

Sakamakon haka, maɓuɓɓugar ruwa guda biyu tare da haɗin ƙarfe iri ɗaya na iya buƙatar allurai na KMnO₄ daban-daban.

Takaddun EPA sun nuna cewa allurai na filin na iya bambanta sosai daga buƙatun ka'ida kuma ana amfani da gwajin jarunta da gwajin filin don kafa yanayin aiki masu dacewa.

6. Yi Amfani da Gwajin Jar don Ƙayyade Madaidaicin Adadin

Bayan ƙididdige buƙatar ƙa'idar, yi gwajin kwalba ko gwajin matukin jirgi ta amfani da ainihin ɗanyen ruwa.

Tsari mai amfani shine:

Mataki 1 - Yi nazarin Ruwa

Auna:

• Narkar da baƙin ƙarfe

• Narkar da manganese

• H₂ ko sulfide

• pH

• Turbidity

• kwayoyin halitta

• Zazzabi

Mataki 2 - Lissafin Farko na KMnO₄ Buƙatar

Yi amfani da ƙididdiga ko ƙimar aiki azaman wurin farawa.

Mataki na 3 - Gwada Yawancin allurai

Gwada juzu'in KMnO₄ daban-daban a kusa da abin da ake ƙididdigewa.

Mataki na 4 - Bada Isasshen Lokacin Amsa

Oxidation ba koyaushe ba ne nan take. Lokacin hulɗa da pH na iya tasiri sosai ga manganese da maganin sulfide.

Mataki na 5 - Duba Ruwan da Aka Yi

Auna:

• Ragowar ƙarfe

• Ragowar manganese

• Sulfide

• Turbidity

• Ragowar Permanganate

Mataki na 6 - Tace Kasuwar Oxidized

KMnO₄ yana jujjuya gurɓataccen gurɓataccen abu zuwa nau'ikan oxidized, amma waɗannan daskararrun dole ne a cire su ta hanyar tacewa ko wani tsarin rabuwa na ƙasa.

Jagoran ruwan sha na California kuma yana amfani da gwajin kwalba azaman hanya mai amfani don inganta alluran maganin sinadarai.

Ka guji yawan shan Potassium permanganate

Ƙarin KMnO₄ baya nufin ingantaccen magani kai tsaye.

Matsanancin permanganate na iya haifar da:

• M launin ruwan hoda ko shunayya

• Ƙara ragowar manganese

• Yawan amfani da sinadarai

• Ƙarin daskararrun lodi

• Kudin aiki mara dole

Jagorar EPA ta yi gargadin cewa yawan adadin kuzari na permanganate na iya ba da izinin wuce haddi na manganese ta hanyar tsarin jiyya.

Manufar ita ce don gano mafi ƙasƙanci mafi ƙasƙanci wanda ke samun iskar shaka kuma yana ba da izinin tacewa.

Abubuwan Da Suka Shafi KMnO₄ Sashi

pH

Halin amsawa yana canzawa tare da pH, musamman ga manganese da hydrogen sulfide.

Kwayoyin Halitta

Halin kwayoyin halitta na iya cinye permanganate kuma yana ƙara buƙatar sinadarai.

Lokacin Tuntuɓa

Rashin isasshen lokacin amsawa na iya haifar da rashin isashshen iskar shaka kafin tacewa.

Zazzabi

Ƙananan yanayin zafi na iya rage halayen iskar shaka.

Tsarin tacewa

Dole ne a cire baƙin ƙarfe oxidized da manganese bayan jiyya. Tace kafofin watsa labarai da yanayin aiki don haka yana shafar aikin jiyya gabaɗaya.

KMnO₄ Dosing Gudun Aiki

Don kula da ruwa na masana'antu da na birni, tsarin aiki mai amfani shine:

1. Binciken Ruwa

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2. Ƙayyade abubuwan da suka shafi Fe, Mn da H₂S

↓

3. Ƙididdige Buƙatun Permanganate na Farko

↓

4. Gudanar da Jar ko gwajin gwaji

↓

5. Daidaita KMnO₄ Kashi

↓

6. Tabbatar da Ragowar Iron, Manganese da Sulfide

↓

7. Tace Oxidized Solids

↓

8. Haɓaka ƙimar Ciyarwa

Wannan hanya ta fi dogaro fiye da zaɓin sashi daga gurɓataccen taro kaɗai.

Tambayoyin da ake yawan yi

Nawa KMnO₄ Ana Bukatar Don Cire 1 mg/L na Iron?

Abubuwan da ake buƙata na ka'idar shine kusan 0.94 mg/L KMnO₄ ga kowane 1 mg/L na Fe⊃2;⁺.

Nawa KMnO₄ Ana Bukatar Don Cire 1 mg/L na Manganese?

Abinda ake buƙata na ka'idar shine kusan 1.92 mg/L KMnO₄ ga kowane 1 MG/L na Mn⊃2;⁺.

Nawa KMnO₄ Ana Bukatar Ga Hydrogen Sulfide?

Jagorar ruwan sharar EPA ta ambaci ma'aunin nauyi na KMnO₄:H₂ na kusan 6:1–7:1 don sarrafa sulfide. Abubuwan buƙatu na gaske sun dogara da ƙarfi akan sinadarai na ruwa da yanayin tsari.

Zan iya Amfani da Adadin Lissafi Kai tsaye?

Ya kamata a bi da shi azaman ƙimar farko . Yakamata a tantance ruwa na gaske ta hanyar gwajin kwalba, gwajin matukin jirgi, ko inganta tsarin sarrafawa kafin kafa adadin ciyarwar sinadarai.

Zabar Potassium Permanganate don Maganin Ruwa

Lokacin siyan potassium permanganate don maganin ruwa, masu siye yakamata su kimanta:

• KMnO₄ assay

• Tsafta

• Danshi

• Al'amarin da ba shi da ruwa

• Girman barbashi

• Marufi

• Samun COA

• SDS/MSDS

• Daidaiton tsari

• Goyan bayan fasaha na mai bayarwa

AOZUN yana ba da Potassium Permanganate don masana'antu da aikace-aikacen jiyya na ruwa , tare da ƙayyadaddun bayanai da zaɓuɓɓukan marufi da ake samu bisa ga buƙatun abokin ciniki.

Don bincike, samar da bincike na ruwa, aikace-aikace, adadin da ake buƙata, marufi, da tashar jiragen ruwa na iya taimakawa wajen ƙayyade ƙayyadaddun samfurin da ya dace.

Kammalawa

Ana ƙididdige yawan adadin potassium permanganate yana farawa tare da tattara abubuwan gurɓataccen abu da ake jiyya.

A matsayin bayanin farko:

Iron:
KMnO₄ ≈ Fe × 0.94

Manganese:
KMnO₄ ≈ Mn × 1.92

Hydrogen Sulfide:
KMnO₄ ≈ H₂S × 6-7 don ƙididdigar sarrafa sulfide na gaba ɗaya.

Amma lissafin ka'idar shine kawai wurin farawa.

Don ingantaccen magani, yi amfani da:

Binciken Ruwa → Bukatar Ka'idar → Gwajin Jar → Duban Rago → Tacewa → Inganta Kashi

Wannan hanya tana taimakawa wajen samun ingantaccen ƙarfe, manganese, da hydrogen sulfide cirewa yayin da rage haɗarin rashin ƙarfi ko ƙari mai yawa na permanganate.