Ukukhiqiza I-Potassium Hydroxide

Iyini i-Potassium Hydroxide?

I-Potassium hydroxide iyinhlanganisela ye-inorganic enefomula yamakhemikhali i-KOH. Iqinile, iqinile emhlophe encibilika emanzini, etshwaleni, naku-glycerol. Iyisisekelo esiqinile, esikwazi ukwenza izinto ezine-asidi ingathathi hlangothi futhi isabelane nezinsimbi, ama-asidi, nezinhlanganisela ezingezona ezensimbi. I-Potassium hydroxide ivame ukusetshenziswa ekukhiqizeni amakhemikhali ahlukahlukene, kuhlanganise nomanyolo, insipho, nezihlanzi.

Ama-Raw material

Izinto zokusetshenziswa eziyinhloko ezidingekayo ekukhiqizeni i-potassium hydroxide yi-potassium chloride ne-sodium hydroxide. I-potassium chloride ivame ukutholakala ezimayini noma emachibini kasawoti, kuyilapho i-sodium hydroxide ikhiqizwa nge-electrolysis ye-sodium chloride (usawoti wetafula ovamile). Ezinye izinto ezisetshenziswa kule nqubo zihlanganisa imithombo yamanzi namandla, njengegesi yemvelo noma ugesi.

Inqubo Yokukhiqiza

Inqubo yokukhiqiza i-potassium hydroxide ibandakanya izinyathelo ezimbalwa, ezihlanganisa:

Isinyathelo 1: Ukulungiswa kweSodium Hydrooxide Solution

I-sodium hydroxide incibilika emanzini ukwenza isixazululo sokugxila okufunayo. Lesi sixazululo sibe sesifakwa emkhunjini we-reactor.

Isinyathelo sesi-2: Ukwengezwa kwePotassium Chloride

I-potassium chloride yengezwa emkhunjini we-reactor oqukethe isisombululo se-sodium hydroxide. Ingxube inyakaziswa ngokuqhubekayo ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuxuba okufanayo.

Isinyathelo sesi-3: Ukusabela

Ukusabela phakathi kwe-potassium chloride ne-sodium hydroxide kukhiqiza i-potassium hydroxide ne-sodium chloride. Ukusabela ku-exothermic, okusho ukuthi kukhipha ukushisa.

Isinyathelo sesi-4: Ukuhlukaniswa Kwemikhiqizo

Ingxube ewumphumela ye-potassium hydroxide ne-sodium chloride ibe isihlukaniswa kusetshenziswa amasu ahlukahlukene njengokusefa noma ukuhwamuka. Isixazululo se-potassium hydroxide sibe sesihlanzwa futhi sigxiliswe emandleni afunekayo.

Isinyathelo sesi-5: Ukupakisha nokuthumela

Umkhiqizo wokugcina, i-potassium hydroxide, ivamise ukupakishwa ezigubhu, izikhwama, noma iziqukathi eziyinqwaba ukuze zithunyelwe kumakhasimende.

Ukusetshenziswa kwe-Potassium Hydroxide

I-Potassium hydroxide isetshenziswa ezinhlobonhlobo zezicelo zezimboni, kufaka phakathi:

Ukukhiqiza Insipho Nokuhlanza

I-Potassium hydroxide iyisithako esibalulekile ekukhiqizeni insipho ewuketshezi kanye nezinto zokuhlanza. Isetshenziselwa ukugcwalisa amafutha kanye namafutha, okukhiqiza izakhiwo zokuhlanza kanye ne-emulsifying yale mikhiqizo.

Ukukhiqiza Umanyolo

I-Potassium hydroxide isetshenziswa ekukhiqizeni umanyolo, ikakhulukazi lawo aqukethe i-potassium. Kuyasiza ukwenza ngcono ukuvunda komhlabathi nokukhula kwezitshalo ngokunikeza imisoco ebalulekile.

Ukukhiqiza Ibhethri

I-Potassium hydroxide isetshenziswa ekwenzeni amabhethri, ikakhulukazi lawo asetshenziswa ezimotweni zikagesi. Isetshenziswa njenge-electrolyte, esiza ukuqhuba ugesi phakathi kwama-electrode ebhethri.

Okunye Ukusetshenziswa

I-Potassium hydroxide iphinde isetshenziswe ekukhiqizeni amanye amakhemikhali ahlukahlukene, kuhlanganise nemithi, izithasiselo zokudla, namakhemikhali okwelapha amanzi.

Izici ze-Potassium Hydroxide

I-Potassium hydroxide iyinhlanganisela esebenza kakhulu, enezici ezilandelayo:

• Isisindo se-molecule: 56.11 g/mol

• Indawo yokuncibilika: 360°C

• Indawo yokubilisa: 1,327°C

• Ukuminyana: 2.044 g/cm³

• I-Solub Potassium hydroxide igqwala kakhulu futhi ingabangela ukusha okukhulu uma ihlangana nesikhumba noma amehlo. Iphinde ibe ne-hygroscopic kakhulu, okusho ukuthi ingakwazi ukumunca umswakama ovela emoyeni. Ngenxa yalokho, kufanele igcinwe endaweni epholile, eyomile futhi iphathwe ngokucophelela.

  
  

Ukucatshangelwa Kokuphepha

I-Potassium hydroxide iyinto esebenza kakhulu futhi edlayo edinga ukuphathwa nokugcinwa okufanele. Ukucatshangelwa kokuphepha kuhlanganisa:

• Ukugqoka izingubo zokuzivikela, okuhlanganisa amagilavu, izibuko, nejazi laselabhu, lapho uphatha i-potassium hydroxide

• Ukugcina i-potassium hydroxide endaweni epholile, eyomile ekude nezinto ezingahambelani, njengama-acids noma ama-oxidizing agents.

• Ukuphatha i-potassium hydroxide ngokucophelela ukuze ugweme ukuchitheka nokudedelwa endaweni ezungezile

• Ukulandela yonke imithetho esebenzayo yokuphepha nemihlahlandlela, okuhlanganisa naleyo esungulwe i-OSHA nezinye izinhlaka ezilawulayo

  
  

Isiphetho

I-Potassium hydroxide iyinhlanganisela ebalulekile ye-inorganic esetshenziswa ezinhlobonhlobo zezinhlelo zokusebenza zezimboni, kusukela ekukhiqizeni insipho nezihlanzi kuya ekukhiqizweni kwebhethri. Inqubo yokukhiqiza ibandakanya ukusabela kwe-potassium chloride ne-sodium hydroxide, okunomphumela wesixazululo se-potassium hydroxide esihlanziwe futhi sagxiliswa ngaphambi kokupakishwa nokuthunyelwa. Ukuphatha nokugcinwa okufanele kwe-potassium hydroxide kubalulekile ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuphepha nokugwema izingozi.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa

1. Ingabe i-potassium hydroxide iyafana ne-lye?

   
   

• Yebo, i-potassium hydroxide iwuhlobo lwe-lye, kanye ne-sodium hydroxide.

  
  

1. Ngingakwazi ukwenza i-potassium hydroxide ekhaya?

   
   

• Akunconywa ukuzama ukwenza i-potassium hydroxide ekhaya ngenxa yemvelo esebenzayo ye-compound kanye nokwenzeka kwezingozi.

  
  

1. Yiziphi izingozi ze-potassium hydroxide?

   
   

• I-Potassium hydroxide igqwala kakhulu futhi ingabangela ukusha okukhulu uma ihlangana nesikhumba noma amehlo. Kufanele iphathwe ngokucophelela futhi igcinwe ngendlela efanele.

  
  

1. Iyini i-pH ye-potassium hydroxide?

   
   

• I-Potassium hydroxide iyisisekelo esiqinile futhi ine-pH ecishe ibe ngu-14.

  
  

1. Yiziphi ukusetshenziswa okuyinhloko kwe-potassium hydroxide?

   
   

• I-Potassium hydroxide isetshenziswa ekwenzeni insipho nokokuhlanza, ukukhiqizwa kukamanyolo, ukukhiqizwa kwamabhethri, kanye nokukhiqizwa kwamanye amakhemikhali ahlukahlukene.