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7601-54-9
Na3O4P
163.940671
231-509-8
Product Description
Trisodium Phosphate, commonly abbreviated as TSP, is a strongly alkaline inorganic phosphate salt used in industrial cleaning, water treatment, detergent formulations, metal-surface preparation and other manufacturing processes.
The anhydrous form has the chemical formula Na3PO4 and CAS No. 7601-54-9. Commercial TSP is also available in hydrated forms, especially Trisodium Phosphate Dodecahydrate, Na3PO4·12H2O, CAS No. 10101-89-0.
Buyers should identify the required form before requesting a quotation because anhydrous and dodecahydrate TSP have different molecular weights, phosphate contents, bulk densities and assay calculations.
Trisodium Phosphate is an inorganic chemical. It consists of sodium ions and the inorganic phosphate ion and contains no carbon-based organic structure.
The recommended commercial classification is:
Classification | Recommended Category |
|---|---|
Organic or inorganic | Inorganic chemical |
Chemical family | Sodium orthophosphate |
Product category | Industrial inorganic phosphate |
Commercial function | Alkaline builder, buffer and processing raw material |
Fine chemical or intermediate | Generally neither; primarily an industrial formulation raw material |
Common grades | Technical, food and reagent grades |
Although reagent-grade and specialty-purity products may be sold through fine-chemical channels, standard industrial TSP is normally categorized as an inorganic phosphate raw material rather than a fine chemical.
Anhydrous TSP contains no intentional water of crystallization. It provides a higher active phosphate concentration per kilogram and is commonly supplied as a white powder or granular solid.
Property | Anhydrous TSP |
Formula | Na3PO4 |
CAS number | 7601-54-9 |
Molecular weight | 163.94 g/mol |
Typical appearance | White powder or granules |
Active concentration | Higher per kilogram |
Common applications | Detergents, industrial cleaning, water treatment and chemical processing |
The dodecahydrate contains twelve molecules of crystallization water. It is commonly supplied as white crystals or crystalline powder.
Property | TSP Dodecahydrate |
Formula | Na3PO4·12H2O |
CAS number | 10101-89-0 |
Molecular weight | 380.12 g/mol |
Typical appearance | White crystals or crystalline powder |
Water of crystallization | Twelve molecules |
Common applications | Cleaning, water treatment, textiles, processing and selected regulated uses |
Because the dodecahydrate can lose crystallization water under dry or warm storage conditions, its physical appearance and analytical assay can change. Storage and test methods should therefore be agreed with the supplier.
Property | Product Information |
Product name | Trisodium Phosphate |
Abbreviation | TSP |
Alternative names | Sodium Phosphate Tribasic; Trisodium Orthophosphate |
Chemical family | Inorganic phosphate |
Appearance | White powder, granules or crystals |
Odor | Odorless |
Water solubility | Soluble |
Solution character | Strongly alkaline |
Typical 1% solution pH | Approximately 11.5–12.5 |
Flammability | Nonflammable |
Primary functions | Alkaline builder, buffer, cleaner and water-conditioning agent |
Values are general reference information. The current specification, TDS, SDS and batch COA should be used for purchasing and process decisions.
Specifications must identify whether the product is anhydrous or dodecahydrate and explain the basis on which the assay is calculated.
Test Item | Common Commercial Target |
Appearance | White powder or granules |
Trisodium phosphate | ≥97.0–98.0%, on the declared basis |
P2O5 | Confirm with supplier |
Water-insoluble matter | ≤0.10% |
Sulfate | Buyer-specific limit |
Free alkali | Buyer-specific limit |
pH of 1% solution | Approximately 11.5–12.5 |
Iron and heavy metals | According to grade |
Test Item | Common Commercial Target |
Appearance | White crystals or crystalline powder |
Assay | ≥98.0%, on the declared hydrate basis |
P2O5 | Commonly ≥18.3% |
Water-insoluble matter | ≤0.10% |
Sulfate | Commonly ≤0.50% |
pH of 1% solution | Approximately 11.5–12.5 |
Heavy metals | According to grade and application |
These are general commercial reference values, not AOZUN’s binding sales specification. The agreed specification and batch-specific COA supplied with the quotation take precedence.
Anhydrous TSP and TSP dodecahydrate cannot be compared using the percentage number alone.
A specification may report:
Na3PO4 content as received
Na3PO4 calculated on a dried basis
Na3PO4 calculated on an ignited basis
Na3PO4·12H2O content
P2O5 content
Loss on drying or loss on ignition
A high assay number does not necessarily mean that one product contains more usable phosphate than another. Buyers should request the analytical basis, test method and hydrate form before comparing quotations.
When dissolved in water, Trisodium Phosphate produces a strongly alkaline solution. This alkalinity helps loosen soils, disperse oily residues and support the performance of surfactants. Phosphate ions can also interact with calcium, magnesium and selected metal ions, which explains TSP’s use in water conditioning and certain treatment processes.
TSP raises the solution pH and helps break the attachment between oily soil and a surface. In formulated cleaners, it can improve wetting, soil suspension and surfactant efficiency.
Actual performance depends on concentration, temperature, contact time, surfactant selection, water hardness and the material being cleaned.
Phosphate can react with calcium and magnesium ions to form less soluble phosphate compounds. This can reduce hardness interference but may also generate precipitated solids.
The process must be designed to control:
Chemical dosage
pH
Mixing
Settling or filtration
Sludge production
Phosphate concentration in discharged water
TSP may be used to establish or maintain alkaline operating conditions. However, it should not be dosed solely from a theoretical calculation. Laboratory testing, process-water analysis and controlled dosing are recommended.
TSP is used as an alkaline builder in heavy-duty cleaning formulations for removing oil, grease and process residues.
Typical applications include:
Industrial floor cleaners
Machinery and equipment cleaners
Workshop degreasers
Pre-paint cleaning products
Detergent and scouring formulations
Institutional cleaning systems
TSP is not compatible with every surface. High-pH solutions may attack aluminum, zinc, certain coatings and other alkali-sensitive materials. A compatibility test should be completed before use.
TSP-containing solutions may be used to remove oil and contamination before painting, coating, phosphating or other surface treatments.
Cleaning performance should be validated against the substrate, existing coating and subsequent finishing process.
Technical-grade TSP may be used for:
pH adjustment
Water softening
Hardness precipitation
Boiler-water treatment
Scale-control programs
Selected corrosion-control processes
Water-treatment use must be designed by qualified personnel. Incorrect phosphate dosage can cause deposits, sludge, carryover or discharge-compliance problems.
TSP can function as a detergent builder by increasing alkalinity, reducing hardness interference and supporting soil removal.
Phosphate content in detergents is restricted in some countries and application categories. Buyers should check destination-market requirements before selecting TSP for a detergent formulation.
Trisodium Phosphate may be used for alkaline processing, cleaning, scouring, pH adjustment or water conditioning in selected pulp, paper and textile operations.
Selected leather, ceramic and general manufacturing processes may use TSP where alkaline phosphate functionality is required. Pilot testing is recommended before introducing it into an existing production line.
Food-grade Trisodium Phosphate may be used as an acidity regulator, buffer, emulsifying salt or processing aid where permitted. It is associated with the food-additive designation E339(iii) in relevant markets.
Only a specifically manufactured and documented food-grade product may be used in food processing. Industrial-grade TSP must not be used as a substitute for food-grade material.
Buyers must specify:
Intended food application
Destination country
Required food standard
Heavy-metal limits
Microbiological requirements, if applicable
Allergen, GMO, Halal or Kosher documentation, when required
These three abbreviations describe different chemicals and must not be used interchangeably.
Product | Full Name | Formula | Main Difference |
TSP | Trisodium Phosphate | Na3PO4 | Orthophosphate; strongly alkaline |
STPP | Sodium Tripolyphosphate | Na5P3O10 | Condensed phosphate used as a builder and sequestrant |
TSPP | Tetrasodium Pyrophosphate | Na4P2O7 | Pyrophosphate used for buffering, dispersion and sequestration |
Using the wrong abbreviation can result in incorrect quotations, formulations and shipping documents. Always include the complete chemical name, formula and CAS number on an RFQ.
Trisodium Phosphate is more alkaline than Disodium Phosphate.
TSP is commonly selected for strong alkalinity, cleaning and industrial water-treatment functions. Disodium Phosphate is often selected where more moderate buffering is required.
They should not be substituted without evaluating:
Solution pH
Sodium and phosphate contribution
Buffer capacity
Solubility
Food or process regulations
Final formulation performance
State whether the requirement is for anhydrous TSP or TSP dodecahydrate. Include the relevant CAS number whenever possible.
Select technical grade for general industrial applications, food grade for regulated food production and reagent grade for analytical or laboratory work.
One grade should not be assumed to meet the requirements of another.
Review:
Assay and calculation basis
P2O5 content
Loss on drying or ignition
Water-insoluble matter
Free alkalinity
Sulfate and chloride
Iron
Arsenic and heavy metals
Particle size
Bulk density
pH
Food or regulatory compliance
Particle size, hydrate form and storage history may affect dissolution speed, caking and powder handling. Buyers should conduct production trials when changing grade or supplier.
TSP is commonly supplied in moisture-resistant bags with an inner liner. Other packaging options may be available according to quantity, grade and destination.
Recommended storage practices include:
Store in a cool, dry and well-ventilated area.
Keep packaging tightly closed.
Protect the product from moisture and contamination.
Keep away from acids and incompatible materials.
Use clean, dry handling equipment.
Follow first-in, first-out inventory management.
Avoid stacking or handling practices that can damage the inner liner.
Anhydrous TSP may absorb moisture. Dodecahydrate material may lose crystallization water under dry or warm conditions. Both changes can affect flow, caking and assay results.
Trisodium Phosphate is nonflammable, but its alkaline dust and solutions can irritate or damage the eyes, skin and respiratory tract. Hazard classification may vary with product form, concentration and jurisdiction.
Appropriate controls may include:
Dust extraction or local ventilation
Chemical-resistant gloves
Safety goggles
Protective work clothing
Respiratory protection based on a workplace assessment
Enclosed or low-dust transfer methods
Accessible eyewash and emergency washing facilities
Avoid generating airborne dust. When preparing a solution, follow the approved site procedure and add the product gradually under controlled agitation.
Do not mix TSP with acids or other chemicals unless the reaction, temperature rise and compatibility have been evaluated.
The current supplier SDS must be reviewed before handling.
Phosphate released into surface water can contribute to nutrient loading and eutrophication. Some regions restrict phosphate concentrations in detergents, industrial wastewater or cleaning products.
Before using TSP, facilities should evaluate:
Local phosphate-discharge limits
Wastewater-treatment capacity
Precipitated-sludge handling
Rinse-water volume
Possibility of phosphate recovery or recycling
Availability of lower-phosphate alternatives
TSP-containing wastewater should not be discharged without confirming applicable permits and treatment requirements.
Many commercial TSP grades are not regulated as dangerous goods for standard transportation. However, classification can differ according to composition, concentration, packaging, jurisdiction and transport mode.
The current SDS and transport documents for the supplied grade must be checked before shipment. Do not assign a UN number solely from information on a generic webpage.
Professional buyers should request:
Batch-specific Certificate of Analysis
Current Safety Data Sheet
Technical Data Sheet
Agreed product specification
Hydrate-form declaration
Assay calculation basis
Packing list and commercial invoice
Country-of-origin documentation when required
Regulatory declarations for the destination market
Food-grade or reagent-grade documentation when applicable
Halal, Kosher or other certificates when contractually required
AOZUN supplies Trisodium Phosphate for industrial cleaning, water treatment, detergent and manufacturing applications. Product form, grade, specification and documentation are confirmed before order placement.
Our supply support includes:
Anhydrous and hydrated grades subject to availability
Technical-grade and application-specific sourcing
Batch COA and current SDS
Specification review before shipment
Moisture-resistant export packaging
International logistics documentation
Commercial support for samples and repeat orders
Food-grade availability and compliance documents must be separately confirmed in the formal quotation.
For a faster quotation, please provide:
Full product name
Required hydrate form
CAS number
Required grade
Specification or end use
Required quantity
Preferred packaging
Destination port or address
Required compliance documents
Expected delivery date
For water-treatment applications, include the water analysis and process objective where possible. AOZUN cannot recommend a safe dosage based only on the total order quantity.
TSP is used in industrial cleaning, degreasing, detergent formulations, metal-surface preparation, water treatment, textiles, paper processing and selected regulated food applications.
It is an inorganic sodium phosphate salt.
Standard industrial TSP is normally classified as an inorganic industrial chemical or formulation raw material, not a fine chemical.
Anhydrous TSP is commonly identified by CAS No. 7601-54-9. Trisodium Phosphate Dodecahydrate is identified by CAS No. 10101-89-0.
No. TSP is Trisodium Phosphate, Na3PO4. STPP is Sodium Tripolyphosphate, Na5P3O10. They have different structures, properties and applications.
No. TSPP means Tetrasodium Pyrophosphate, Na4P2O7. It should not be confused with Trisodium Phosphate.
No. TSP is an inorganic, nonflammable solid. Its primary handling concern is its alkaline and irritating character rather than fire risk.
No. Food applications require a specifically manufactured food-grade product that complies with the destination market’s purity and contaminant requirements.
Anhydrous TSP contains more active Na3PO4 per kilogram. Dodecahydrate TSP contains twelve molecules of crystallization water and therefore has a higher molecular weight and lower phosphate concentration per kilogram.
There is no universal dosage. It depends on water hardness, alkalinity, pH, metal-ion concentration, temperature and the treatment objective. Bench testing and qualified process design are required.
Looking for Trisodium Phosphate for industrial cleaning, water treatment, detergent production or manufacturing?
Contact AOZUN with the required hydrate form, grade, quantity, specification, packaging and destination. Our team will confirm availability, documentation, lead time and commercial terms.
